波波小说

第9部分（第1页）

For　undergraduate；　we　usually　get　them　to　write　something　that　is　sound；　well…quoted　in　literature　and　the　question　is　reasonable；　that　a　scholar　would　ask。　Generally　speaking；　undergraduates　don’t　know　how　to　do　these　things　for　their　long　essays　in　senior　year。

C：What　does　a　foreign　student　need　to　know　about　doing　research　in　the　United　States？

D：Sometimes　there　is　a　particular　difficulty　for　some　cultures。　People　from　those　cultures　are　accustomed　to　rote　learning（死记硬背的学习）。　I　see　it’s　very　mon　that　they　always　memorize　things　and　spell　them　out　again。　They　have　to　be　broken　of　that　because　American　learning　is　not　a　rote　learning；　maybe　it　should　be　for　the　earlier　grades；　like　elementary　and　high　schools　with　language　and　math。　But　by　the　time　they　are　18　or　20；　there　should　not　be　too　much　rote　learning；　but　for　some　cultures；　that’s　difficult　and　it’s　a　shock　for　them。

Also；　you　have　to　know　how　to　use　resources　in　the　；　how　to　use　library　and　how　to　use　professors。　The　latter　one　is　important　and　you　have　to　know　some　munication　skills　to　get　help　and　instructions　from　professors。书包　网　。　想看书来

中国学生：　走出自己的圈子（2）

C：I　think　the　relations　between　professors　and　students　in　the　States　are　different　from　that　in　China。

D：How　is　that？

C：When　I’m　talking　to　you；　I　somehow　feel　like　talking　to　a　friend；　more　casually　and　frankly。　When　I　was　in　China；　I　always　felt　a　gap　confronting　a　professor。

D：I’m　not　unique　in　the　；　most　professors　in　this　country　are　like　this。

C：I　also　feel　that　Chinese　professors　are　busy　with　their　research　and　don’t　have　too　much　time　to　talk　to　their　students。

D：That’s　very　mon　in　the　America　too；　but　at　Yale；　there　are　not　too　many　students　so　the　professors　can　have　more　time　with　individuals。　I　don’t　have　more　than　4　students　each　year　as　their　chief　advisor。　Also；　it’s　a　norm　and　expectation　for　a　professor　to　spend　more　time　on　teaching。　They　would　have　some　problems　if　they　are　bad　teachers。　Students　have　the　newspapers　and　the　school　also　has　evaluations。　At　Yale；　students　go　to　the　puters　to　do　the　evaluation；　I　can　see　the　ments　and　evaluation　but　other　professors　can’t。　These　evaluations　are　informal；　but　if　you　don’t　do　well；　the　word　will　get　around。

C：What　steps　should　a　student　take　to　prepare　for　graduation　studies？

D：Good　English　is　’s　not　new。　They　don’t　know　what　getting　’t　have　a　3　year　cap　like　Law　School。　It　takes　you　five　or　six　years　to　learn　how　to　write　a　dissertation　and　that’s　not　the　end　of　a　rainbow。　You　won’t　be　paid　like　a　lawyer　or　a　doctor。　I　see　many　students　came　across　this　difficulty　in　the　third　or　fourth　year　that　they　don’t　want　to　continue　but　I　don’t　see　many　Chinese　students　quit　and　they　seem　to　know　what　they　are　doing　and　be　more　embedded　in　this　life。

C：　If　you　were　meeting　with　a　group　of　students　from　China；　what　advice　would　you　give　them　to　help　them　be　successful　at　Yale？

D：They　should　be　enterprising。　Go　out　to　use　the　system；　to　meet　people　and　to　try　out　classes。　Use　Yale　as　a　base　and　as　well　as　a　resource　to　go　to　different　places　to　be　exposed　to　a　different　culture。　There　are　many　Chinese　students　studying　in　the　States　and　they　should　try　to　go　outside　of　them；　not　only　hang　out　with　their　own　people。

C：　What　has　your　experience　been　with　Chinese　students？

D：My　experience　with　Chinese　students　for　the　last　fifteen　years　is　that　they　were　smart　and　good　at　mathematics　and　were　well…prepared；　but　before　that；　students　who　came　here　twenty…five　years　ago　were　not　very　good。　I　think　maybe　the　selections　were　somehow　wrong　in　that　time　but　now　it　is　getting　better　and　better。

C：What　criteria　does　Yale　use　to　select　foreign　graduate　students？　How；　if　at　all；　does　the　selection　criterion　vary　for　foreign　students　versus　　students？

D：I　used　to　be　in　the　mittee。　Generally　speaking；　we　have　the　same　criteria　for　American　students　and　Chinese　students。　We　mix　their　applications　together。　They　are　in　the　same　pool；　but　the　documentations　from　them　are　different。　We　know　how　to　read　the　applications　from　American　students。　We　know　how　to　read　the　letters；　the　professors　who　did　them　and　the　grade　systems　in　high　schools。　For　European　students；　we　know　accordingly。　From　China；　it’s　DIFFICULT。　We　have　some　professors　who　know　how　to　read　applications　from　China；　but　not　many。　Language　potential　is　also　a　big　concern　when　we　think　about　a　Chinese　student；　we　don’t　just　refer　to　scores。　When　I　was　in　the　mittee　we　had　problems　in　accessing　Chinese　students’oral　language　skills　but　now　we　have　interviews。

中国学生：　走出自己的圈子（3）

C：What　characteristics　of　American　students　impress　you　the　most？

D：Creative。

C：What’s　the　advantage　of　American　education？　In　China；　school　educations　are　more　knowledge…based　than　that　in　the　States；　do　you　think　it’s　good　or　bad？

D：I　think　it’s　good　for　primary　schools　and　high　schools。　These　levels　of　education　in　the　States　have　problems　with　helping　students　to　gain　more　knowledge。　Many　students　are　bad　at　math；　history；　and　grammar。　Many　parents　get　their　children　out　of　the　public　schools　and　send　them　to　private　schools　to　get　a　better　education。　I　did　see　some　undergraduates　at　Yale　don’t　know　too　much　about　history；　even　American　history。　But　at　colleges；　knowledge　is　not　enough；　you　need　to　pay　more　attention　to　questions；　how　to　ask　a　question　and　how　to　find　a　solution　to　the　question。

大卫教授今年70多岁，　白眉银发，　有点仙风道骨的味道。　他常挎着背包匆忙地走在校园里。　一身朴素毫不起眼，　但停下来跟你说话的时候，　眼神里的睿智和慈爱透着大教授的风范。　他告诉我一件轶事，　有一年他被邀请去白宫和总统共进晚餐，　临行前发现自己没有一套像样的西装，　于是决定第二天早晨乘火车购买。　可是早晨出门才发现商店都没开门（他居然不知道通常商店几点开门），　只好匆匆地上了火车赶往华盛顿。　到达以后叫出租车直奔商店，　换上新买的西装准备去白宫赴宴，　可在路上一低头发现自己的鞋子是一双穿了十几年的老皮鞋，　旧得都快变形了。　只能掉头回去买鞋，　一身行头置办好了，　终于在最后一刻赶到白宫。　这样一位耶鲁最高荣誉的终身教授，　亲近、　平和得没有一点架子。　他愉快地接受了我的采访，　希望通过这本书可以和中国的学生交流他对学术研究以及在耶鲁学习、　教学的体会。

The　problem　of　social　science　research　in　the　；　too　narrow　to　be　interesting。　There　is　a　large　range　of　interesting　questions　to　explore。

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